• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Arrangements and methods for acid tunneling and fracturing within a wellbore. Acid is flowed into a wellbore to form a lateral tunnel which extends radially outwardly from the main wellbore. Thereafter, a fracturing bottom hole assembly is run into the lateral tunnel and isolated. Acid is then injected into the lateral tunnel to fracture portions of the formation radially surrounding the lateral tunnel.
    公开号:DK202070297A8
    申请号:DKP202070297
    申请日:2020-05-07
    公开日:2020-11-03
    发明作者:Livescu Silviu；j watkins Thomas；K Mody Rustom
    申请人:Baker Hughes Holdings Llc；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0001] [0001] The invention relates generally to systems and methods for creating lateral tunnels within and stimulating subterranean formations surrounding wellbores.
    [0002] [0002] Well stimulation is used to increase flow of hydrocarbon fluids from hydrocarbon- bearing strata and formations which surround a wellbore. Well stimulation can include techniques such as fracturing (or fracking) wherein fracturing is performed by a fracturing arrangement located within the main wellbore in order to increase flow from the formation into the main wellbore.SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
    [0003] [0003] The invention provides systems and methods for stimulating a hydrocarbon- bearing formation which radially surrounds a wellbore. In a described embodiment, a combined acid tunneling and fracturing arrangement is run into a wellbore and includes a running string, such as a coiled tubing running string, and a bottom hole assembly having an acid placement tool which is carried by the running string. In preferred embodiments, the acid tunneling and fracturing arrangement also includes a packer element. Acid is pumped from the surface through a flow bore in the running tool.
    [0004] [0004] In a described embodiment, the acid placement tool has a wand with one or more nozzles through which acid can exit the tool. Preferably, the acid placement tool has at least one articulated joints which allow the wand to be angularly flexed with respect to a tubular base portion.
    [0005] [0005] In preferred embodiments, the tool preferably include one or more sensors which can measure one or more downhole parameters, including deviation, azimuth, pressure, temperature and gamma ray. These sensors are installed within or upon the bottom hole assembly. In some embodiments, the bottom hole assembly incorporates a casing collar locator for measuring depth and/or a lateral camera.
    [0006] [0006] Data communication conduit is provides to communicate data indicative of the downhole parameters sensed by the sensors to a controller at surface. Preferably, Telecoil® is used to transmit information obtained by the sensors of the bottom hole assembly to surface. Other telemetry means, such as optical fiber, could also be used. Information obtained by the sensors is preferably used to control the acid placement tool. The information, such as location, azimuth, tool inclination, pressure, and temperature, is used to control and map tunnels in real time. For instance, if detected lateral tunnel length is less than desired, additional acid can be pumped to lengthen the lateral tunnel. In another example, if detected tunnel trajectory is not as planned, the tunneling tool can be indexed, flexed or straightened to extend the tunnel in the desired direction.
    [0007] [0007] In general, wellbore stimulation is performed by, first, acid drilling at least one lateral tunnel from the main wellbore into the surrounding formation with an acid placement tool. Acid exiting the acid placement tool during acid drilling can return to surface through the annulus which is formed between the acid tunneling and fracturing arrangement and the wellbore wall. Next, at least a portion of the acid placement tool is run into the lateral tunnel which is formed. A packer is set uphole from the acid placement tool, sealing off the annulus. Thereafter, acid is injected through the acid placement tool 2
    [0008] [0008] In preferred embodiments, the combined acid tunneling and fracturing arrangement is provided with an adjustable acid injection wand wherein end nozzles and lateral nozzles can be selectively closed off or opened to direct acid injection where desired. In described embodiments, a sliding sleeve member within the wand is moved between a first position, wherein the lateral nozzles are blocked against fluid flow, and a second position, wherein the sleeve member does not block the lateral nozzles. The sliding sleeve member may be moved by either landing a ball or plug member upon an associated ball seat or by a linear actuator. The end nozzles may be selectively closed off by a landed ball or plug member. In certain embodiments, the ball or plug member is dissolvable so that fluid flow through the end nozzles can be reestablished after a period of time.
    [0009] [0009] Upon completion of the acid fracturing operation, the packer is unset and the acid tunneling and fracturing arrangement is withdrawn from the lateral tunnel. Thereafter, the acid tunneling and fracturing arrangement may be withdrawn from the wellbore or moved to a new location within the wellbore to repeat the tunneling and fracturing process.
    [0010] [0010] If desired, the acid tunneling and acid fracturing operations may be conducted by separate tool strings which are run into the wellbore separately. First, an acid tunneling tool string is run into the wellbore and used to form a lateral tunnel. The acid tunneling tool string is removed from the wellbore. Second, an acid fracturing tool string is run into the wellbore. At least a portion of the bottom hole assembly of the acid fracturing tool 3
    [0011] [0011] For a thorough understanding of the present invention, reference is made to the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals designate like or similar elements throughout the several figures of the drawings and wherein:
    [0012] [0012] Figure 1 is a side, cross-sectional view of an exemplary wellbore containing an acid tunneling and fracturing arrangement in accordance with the present invention.
    [0013] [0013] Figure 2 is a side, cross-sectional view of the wellbore and acid tunneling and fracturing arrangement of Figure 1 now with tunneling beginning.
    [0014] [0014] Figure 3 is a side, cross-sectional view of the wellbore and acid tunneling and fracturing arrangement of Figures 1-2 now with tunneling having been completed.
    [0015] [0015] Figure 4 is a further side, cross-sectional view of the wellbore and acid tunneling and fracturing arrangement of Figures 1-2 now with acid fracturing being conducted.
    [0016] [0016] Figure 5 is a side, cross-sectional view of distal portions of an exemplary acid injection wand.
    [0017] [0017] Figure 6 is a side, cross-sectional view of the acid injection wand portions of Figure 5, now with particular nozzles closed off.
    [0018] [0018] Figure 7 is a side, cross-sectional view of an alternative acid injection wand which incorporates an electrically-actuated sliding sleeve member. 4
    [0019] [0019] Figure 8 is a side, cross-sectional view of the acid injection wand of Figure 7 now in an actuated position.DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
    [0020] [0020] Figure 1 illustrates an exemplary wellbore 10 that has been drilled through the earth 12 from the surface 14 down to a hydrocarbon-bearing formation 16. It is noted that, while wellbore 10 is illustrated as a substantially vertical wellbore, it might, in practice, have portions that are inclined or horizontally-oriented. A portion of the wellbore could be lined with a metallic casing (not shown). However, the portions of the wellbore 10 which are to be stimulated are preferably not lined with metallic casing.
    [0022] [0022] A bottom hole assembly 24 is located at the distal end of the running string 20.
    [0023] [0023] The acid placement tool 26 includes a cylindrical base portion 32 and an acid injection wand 34. An intermediate arm 36 is located between the base portion 32 and 5
    [0024] [0024] Preferably, the acid injection wand 34 is provided with end nozzles 42 and a plurality of lateral nozzles 44 which are disposed through the wand body 45 to permit fluid communication between a central fluid passage 46 and portions external to the wand body 45. In described embodiments, the injection wand 34 includes a sliding sleeve member which can be axially moved within the injection wand 34 to selectively block or unblock nozzles. Figures 5 and 6 illustrate an exemplary injection wand 34 having a central fluid passage 46 defined along its length. A sliding sleeve member 48 is disposed within the fluid passage 46 and is axially moveable therewithin between a first position, wherein the sleeve member 48 covers or blocks fluid flow through the lateral nozzles 44 (Fig. 5), and a second position, wherein the sleeve member 48 does not block fluid flow through the lateral nozzles 44 (Fig. 6). Preferably, a ball seat 50 is formed at the distal end of the sliding sleeve member 48. Initially, as shown in Figure 5, the sliding sleeve member 48 is positioned so that it blocks the lateral nozzles 44. In this position, fluid flow through the central fluid passage 46 can pass through the end nozzles 42 to areas external to the distal end of the injection wand 34. This configuration is preferred for acid tunneling because the acid flow through the end nozzles 42 will be directed generally in 6
    [0025] [0025] it may be preferable to close the end nozzles 42 to fluid flow and open the lateral nozzles 44 to fluid flow when the acid tunneling and fracturing arrangement 18 is used for acid fracturing. To do this, a ball or plug member 52 is flowed into the running string 20 at surface 14. The ball or plug member 52 will land upon the ball seat 50 and allow fluid pressure to build up behind the ball or plug member 52. Pressure behind the ball/plug member 52 will shift the sliding sleeve member 48 to the second position illustrated in Figure 6. The lateral nozzles 44 will be unblocked allowing fluid to be communicated from the central fluid passage 46 to lateral areas external to the wand 34. Fluid flow in this manner is preferred during fracturing since the acid will be directed radially outwardly into the formation 16 under increased pressure, resulting in fracturing which will radiate outwardly from the lateral tunnel 72 within the formation 16. Fluid flow through the end nozzles 42 will be blocked by the ball/plug member 52. Preferably, the ball or plug member 52 is dissolvable within the acid over a period of time so that access to the end nozzles 42 will be reestablished after a period of time has passed.
    [0026] [0026] In an alternative embodiment, the sliding sleeve member is electrically actuated to move between the first and second positions. Figures 7 and 8 illustrate an exemplary acid injection wand 34’ which is constructed and operates in the same manner as the acid injection wand 34 described previously except where indicated otherwise. Sliding sleeve member 48’ is moveably disposed within the fluid passage 46 between first and second positions which, respectively, block and unblock the lateral nozzles 44. The sliding sleeve member 48’ is moveable between the first and second positions by electrical actuation.
    [0027] [0027] The sensor sub 30 includes at least one, and preferably more than one, sensor 60 which can measure one or more downhole wellbore parameters, including depth, deviation, azimuth, pressure, temperature and gamma ray, which are useful for identifying a location or attributes of the surrounding wellbore 10. The sensor sub 30 also preferably includes electronics storage or memory 62 to receive and store information received from 8
    [0028] [0028] Acid can be selectively flowed from an acid supply 68 at surface 14 by pump 70 through the flow bore 22 of the running string 20 to the bottom hole assembly 26. The pump 70 is preferably a variable speed or variable capacity pump.
    [0029] [0029] Preferred methods of operation, are illustrated in Figures 1-4. The acid tunneling and fracturing arrangement 18 is run into the wellbore 10 until the bottom hole assembly 24 is located proximate a desired location within the wellbore 10 within which it is desired to stimulate. This is illustrated in Figure 1. Acid is then flowed by the pump 56 from the acid supply 54 to the bottom hole assembly 24 to exit the end nozzle 42, as illustrated in Figure 2. Also, the acid placement tool 26 will flex to angle the injection wand 34 so that 9
    [0030] [0030] In order to form the lateral tunnel 72, at least some portion of the process of forming tunnel 72 within the formation 16 is preferably controlled based upon one or more wellbore parameters sensed by the sensors 46 of the sensor sub 30. Data sent to the controller 54 at surface 14 is used to rotate or otherwise control the bottom hole assembly
    [0031] [0031] Figure 3 shows a subsequent time during tunneling wherein the length of the lateral tunnel 72 has advanced. The injection wand 34 and then a significant portion of the remainder of the bottom hole assembly 24 have entered the lateral tunnel 72. Sensors 60 detect inclination of the bottom hole assembly 24 and signals indicative of this are sent to the controller 66 at surface.
    [0032] [0032] Figure 4 illustrates a subsequent time wherein acid tunneling has been completed. The packer assembly 28 is now set within the lateral tunnel 72 thereby isolating the acid placement tool 26 from uphole portions of the wellbore 10. At this point, the lateral nozzles 44 are preferably opened to flow and the end nozzles 42 may be closed against flow to better direct injection into the formation 16 for fracturing and to 10
    [0033] [0033] In general, acid tunneling can be done with lower acid flow rates, and the inventors have found that acid tunneling with lower flow rates can often achieve longer tunnels than tunneling at higher flow rates. Acid fracturing can be done when the acid pressure is higher than the rock fracturing pressure and, in general, at higher fluid pressures than is used for acid tunneling.
    [0034] [0034] In accordance with an general exemplary method for acid tunneling and fracturing, an acid tunneling tool having a bottom hole assembly 24 with an acid placement tool 26 is disposed within the wellbore 10 on a running string 20. Acid is flowed through the running string 20 to the bottom hole assembly 24 and form a lateral tunnel 72 within the formation 16. Next, bottom hole assembly 24 is disposed within the lateral tunnel 72 and isolated within the lateral tunnel by setting packer assembly 28. Acid is flowed to the bottom hole assembly 24 to fracture the formation 16 surrounding the lateral tunnel 72.
    [0035] [0035] It is noted that steps in the method described can be performed using a single acid tunneling and fracturing arrangement 18. Alternatively, the acid tunneling steps can be performed using a first acid tunneling tool string which creates one or more tunnels, such as tunnel 72, and is then removed from the wellbore 10. Thereafter, a second tool string which is adapted to perform the acid fracturing steps is then run into the wellbore 10 to perform the acid fracturing steps. The bottom hole assembly of the second tool string would be run into the lateral tunnel 72 created earlier and secured within the tunnel 11
    DK 2020 70297 A8 72 by setting a packer assembly 28. Acid is pumped to the bottom hole assembly to fracture the formation 16 surrounding the lateral tunnel 72. 12
    权利要求:
    Claims (1)
    [1] DK 2020 70297 A8
    CLAIMS What is claimed is:
    11. An acid tunneling and fracturing arrangement for creation of a lateral tunnel and 2 fracturing a formation (16) around the lateral tunnel (72), the arrangement characterized 3 by: 4 a running string (20) for disposing a bottom hole assembly into a wellbore (10); a bottom hole assembly (24) affixed to the running string, the bottom hole 6 assembly having: 7 an acid placement tool (26) for transmitting acid from the running string for 8 injection into the formation; and 9 a packer assembly (28) to be set within the lateral tunnel to secure the acid placement tool within.
    1 1 2. The acid tunneling and fracturing arrangement of claim 1 wherein the acid 2 placement tool is further characterized by: 3 a base portion (32); and 4 an acid injection wand (34) which is connected to the base portion by at least one s articulable joint (38, 40) which permits angular movement between the wand and the 6 base portion.
    1 1 3. The acid tunneling and fracturing arrangement of claim 1 wherein the bottom 2 hole assembly is further characterized by: 13
    DK 2020 70297 A8 3 an indexing tool (31) which permits angular rotation of portions of the bottom hole 4 assembly with respect to the running string within the wellbore.
    1 1 4. The acid tunneling and fracturing arrangement of claim 2 wherein the acid 2 injection wand is further characterized by: 3 a wand body (45) which defines a fluid flow passage (46) within; 4 an end nozzle (42) disposed through the wand body to permit fluid communication from the fluid flow passage to areas external to the distal end of the 6 wand body; 7 a lateral nozzle (44) disposed through the wand body to permit fluid 8 communication from the fluid flow passage to areas external to a lateral side of the 9 wand body; and a sliding sleeve member (48) disposed within the fluid flow passage and 11 moveable between a first position, wherein the sliding sleeve member blocks the lateral 12 nozzle against fluid flow, and a second position, wherein the sliding sleeve member 13 does not block the lateral nozzle against fluid flow therethrough.
    1 1 5. The acid tunneling and fracturing arrangement of claim 4 wherein the sliding 2 sleeve member is moveable by landing a ball or plug member (52) upon a ball seat (50) 3 within the fluid flow passage.
    1 1 6. The acid tunneling and fracturing arrangement of claim 4 wherein the sliding 2 sleeve member is moveable by a linear actuator (56).
    1 14
    DK 2020 70297 A8
    1 7. The acid tunneling and fracturing arrangement of claim 1 further characterized 2 by: 3 at least one sensor (60) within the bottom hole assembly to detect a downhole 4 wellbore parameter; a controller (66) having programming for determining a location or orientation of 6 the bottom hole assembly within the wellbore based upon the downhole parameter; and 7 a data communications conduit (64) to transmit data representative of the 8 downhole parameter detected by the sensor to the controller. 1 1 8. The acid tunneling and fracturing arrangement of claim 1 further characterized 2 by: 3 a supply (68) of acid to be flowed through the running string to the bottom hole 4 assembly for use in tunneling or fracturing; and 5 a fluid pump (70) to flow acid through the running string, the fluid pump being a 6 variable speed or variable capacity pump. 1 1 9 The acid tunneling and fracturing arrangement of claim 1 wherein the running 2 — string is a coiled tubing running string. 1 1 10. A method of acid tunneling and fracturing a wellbore, the method characterized 2 by:
    DK 2020 70297 A8 3 running an acid tunneling and fracturing arrangement (18) into the wellbore (10) 4 until a bottom hole assembly (24) of the arrangement is located proximate a desired location within the wellbore; 6 flowing acid to the bottom hole assembly to form a lateral tunnel (72) within the 7 wellbore; 8 disposing at least a portion of the bottom hole assembly within the lateral tunnel; 9 and flowing acid to the bottom hole assembly to fracture portions of the formation 11 which radially surround the lateral tunnel.
    1 1 11. — The method of claim 10 further comprising the step of: 2 isolating the portion of the bottom hole assembly within the wellbore by setting a 3 packer (28) within the lateral tunnel.
    1 1 12. The method of claim 10 wherein: 2 acid is flowed to the bottom hole assembly to fracture portions of formation at a 3 — greater flow rate than acid is flowed to the bottom hole assembly to form the lateral 4 tunnel.
    1 1 13 The method of claim 10 further comprising: 2 prior to flowing acid to the bottom hole assembly to fracture portions of the 3 formation, diverting fluid flow from end nozzles (42) in the bottom hole assembly to 4 lateral nozzles (44) to allow acid fracturing through the lateral nozzles.
    1 16
    DK 2020 70297 A8 1 14 The method of claim 10 further comprising: 2 sensing at least one downhole parameter within the wellbore with a sensor (60); 3 transmitting data representative of the downhole parameter detected by the 4 sensor to a controller (66); using the transmitted data to form a lateral tunnel (72) or to fracture portions of 6 the formation.
    17
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    引用文献:
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    法律状态:
    2020-05-15| PAT| Application published|Effective date: 20200507 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    US15/790,924|US20190120035A1|2017-10-23|2017-10-23|Dual Tunneling and Fracturing Stimulation System|
    PCT/US2018/056976|WO2019083916A1|2017-10-23|2018-10-23|Dual tunneling and fracturing stimulation system|
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